What to know concerning the Nobel Peace Prize : NPR

Anticipation is rising and bookies all over the world are taking bets on who’ll be awarded this yr’s Nobel Peace Prize, with President Trump among the many most high-profile — and controversial — contenders.

On Friday, the Norwegian Nobel Committee will announce the winner. The committee says the award goes to the particular person or group that has executed essentially the most “for fraternity between the nations and the abolition or discount of standing armies and the formation and spreading of peace congresses.”

Trump has obtained a number of nominations and has by no means made a secret of his need to win the celebrated accolade. And, as the primary part of his Gaza peace plan makes headway, the give attention to the prospect of him profitable is intensifying.

Here is what to know forward of this yr’s announcement.

How did the peace prize come about? 

In his 1895 will, Swedish inventor and businessman Alfred Nobel declared his fortune ought to be divided into 5 elements to honor excellent achievements in physics, chemistry, physiology or drugs, literature and for work in peace.

The primary prizes got in 1901 and are actually introduced each October and awarded in a ceremony in December. In 1968, a brand new prize was established — the Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Financial Sciences.

Hundreds of individuals can select to appoint an individual or group as a candidate for the peace prize, although you can not nominate your self. These eligible to appoint a candidate embody members of nationwide governments, officers with worldwide peace organizations, college professors and former recipients.

The recipients of 4 of the prizes are determined by a Swedish committee, whereas the recipient of the peace prize is determined by a Norwegian committee composed of 5 members appointed by the Norwegian parliament. The peace prize committee deliberates in secret for months earlier than developing with a shortlist and narrowing it down to select the winner.

The winner of the Nobel Peace Prize receives a medal and about $1.17 million in prize cash.

Who has received it previously?

Among the world’s most well-known names have received previously, together with former South African presidents Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk in 1993 for bringing a peaceable finish to apartheid and Martin Luther King Jr. in 1964 for his nonviolent civil rights wrestle. Mom Theresa, the Dalai Lama and Malala Yousafzai are additionally all previous winners.

The prize has additionally gone to folks or teams that aren’t family names. Final yr it was awarded to Nihon Hidankyo, a Japanese grassroots motion of atomic bomb survivors from Hiroshima and Nagasaki.

The awarding of the prize has additionally courted controversy. Former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger obtained the prize in 1973 together with North Vietnam’s chief communist negotiator, Le Duc Tho, for establishing the Paris Peace Accords — which led to America’s exit from the Vietnam Warfare. Tho declined the award, however the choice to award Kissinger shocked many of his critics who noticed him as a warmonger.

Additionally controversial was President Barack Obama’s Nobel Peace Prize in 2009, simply months into his first time period. Some criticized the choice, saying the president hadn’t had time to show himself. Ethiopian Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed obtained the award for efforts to succeed in peace with neighboring Eritrea in 2019. He later went on to wage a brutal struggle in Ethiopia’s northernmost area of Tigray.

Leaders within the Americas, together with Costa Rica and Colombia, in addition to human rights defenders in Russia, Belarus and Ukraine have additionally received the award.

Who’s nominated this time?

There are 338 candidates for the Nobel Peace Prize this yr — 244 people and 94 organizations.

On the heart of intense hypothesis about this yr’s award is President Trump, who’s at present engaged in negotiations to finish the struggle in Gaza.

The Nobel web site doesn’t listing the candidates, though among the nominators have informed the media who they’ve put ahead. Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Manet and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu have each confirmed they nominated Trump.

Trump has repeatedly stated he deserves the prize, saying he is ended a number of wars this yr already, though fact-checkers dispute the declare as a number of conflicts he has tried to finish stay ongoing. Earlier this yr he stated on the White Home: “They’ll by no means give me a Nobel Peace Prize. I deserve it, however they’ll by no means give it to me.”

Different names making the rounds as doable winners this yr embody Sudan’s Emergency Response Rooms, a volunteer community serving to civilians regardless of nice danger within the midst of the nation’s civil struggle, and Yulia Navalnaya, the widow of Russian opposition politician Alexei Navalny.

When it comes to the probability of Trump profitable, the Gaza ceasefire could come too late to vary the end result of this yr’s award, and the committee is thought to worth sustained peace efforts over fast political wins.

Nevertheless, as of Thursday morning, bookmakers’ odds had Trump and the Sudanese group because the joint favorites, in response to Oddschecker.