BUSAN, SOUTH KOREA – OCTOBER 30: U.S. President Donald Trump (R) speaks with Chinese language President Xi Jinping throughout a bilateral assembly at Gimhae Air Base on October 30, 2025 in Busan, South Korea.
Andrew Harnik | Getty Pictures Information
President Donald Trump and Chinese language President Xi Jinping emerged from a high-stakes assembly touting agreements on tariffs and export controls that quantity to a tangible de-escalation of the contentious commerce conflict between the 2 superpowers.
However many particulars about what was achieved stay unclear, whereas different key sticking factors within the U.S.-China commerce relationship seem to not have come up in any respect. The general U.S. tariff fee on Chinese language imports, in the meantime, will keep at a traditionally excessive stage.
The agreements struck throughout the assembly in Busan, South Korea, don’t quantity to a complete commerce deal — although Trump claimed after the assembly that one could be able to signal “fairly quickly.”
He nonetheless hailed the summit with Xi as “wonderful,” and rated it a 12 out of 10.
It was the 2 leaders’ first face-to-face assembly in six years. They spoke for one hour and 40 minutes.
Tariffs, fentanyl, uncommon earths and soybeans
The highest-line outcomes embrace an settlement by the U.S. to instantly lower fentanyl-related tariffs on China in half, to 10% from 20%.
Trump advised reporters on Air Power One after the assembly that he believes Xi is “going to work very arduous to cease the stream” of the addictive opioid fentanyl and its precursor chemical compounds into the U.S. China has repeatedly promised to scale back fentanyl trafficking to the U.S., however has been accused by specialists of not following by way of.
U.S. President Donald Trump speaks to members of the media on board Air Power One en path to the U.S., October 30, 2025.
Evelyn Hockstein | Reuters
Trump didn’t present further particulars. A Chinese language Commerce Ministry spokesperson stated in a translated assertion that “each side reached consensus on points similar to cooperation in fentanyl management,” with out elaborating.
Trump stated the general tariff fee on Chinese language items will fall to 47% from 57%.
The tariff lower addresses “a key Chinese language grievance,” stated Han Shen Lin, China director at advisory agency The Asia Group, displaying that “Beijing’s efforts to curb exports of fentanyl precursors, lengthy unrecognized by Washington, are lastly being acknowledged.”
Trump and Beijing additionally confirmed that China agreed to pause not too long ago introduced export controls on its priceless uncommon earths minerals for one 12 months.
These controls have been introduced on Oct. 9, prompting a livid reply from Trump, who threatened to hike tariffs on China by 100% beginning Saturday.
The U.S. is dropping that tariff risk, Trump confirmed on Air Power One. He added that he believes that the one-year postponement of the Chinese language export controls shall be “routinely prolonged.”
However the Chinese language Commerce Ministry’s assertion says solely that Beijing will droop the measures for a 12 months, after which “research and refine particular plans.”
China additionally made no point out of different export management measures it had imposed earlier within the 12 months, which stay in place.
Chinese language corporations management the vast majority of the worldwide provide chain for uncommon earths, that are crucial for producing a variety of merchandise from semiconductors to missiles. Beijing has ramped up restrictions on exports of crucial minerals over the past two years, with a selected deal with limiting their use for army functions by different nations.
“China’s leverage in uncommon earths and demanding minerals processing will proceed to floor episodically, successfully capping any escalation in bilateral tensions,” Louise Bathroom, head of Asia economics at Oxford Economics, stated in a notice Thursday.
Trump additionally stated “super quantities” of U.S. soybeans and different farm merchandise shall be bought by China “beginning instantly.”
Harvested soybeans are moved from a grain truck to a storage silo on a farm close to Gregory, Arkansas, US, on Friday, Oct. 24, 2025.
Rory Doyle | Bloomberg | Getty Pictures
China has been the highest purchaser of U.S. soybeans. Earlier this 12 months it halted all purchases of the staple crop for months amid the tit-for-tat tariff conflict, costing American farmers billions of {dollars} in misplaced income.
Forward of the Trump-Xi summit, China-owned COFCO purchased three U.S. soybean cargoes for December and January cargo, equating to about 180,000 metric tons of product — although specialists notice that could be a fraction of prior years’ purchases throughout the autumn harvest. By comparability, in October 2024 China purchased almost 6 million tons of U.S. soybeans, in line with USDA knowledge. For all of 2024, China bought almost 27 million tons.
Soybeans usually are not particularly talked about within the Chinese language Commerce Ministry’s assertion, although it says each side reached consensus on “increasing agricultural commerce.”
U.S. tariff investigations on China’s maritime and shipbuilding industries, and Beijing’s countermeasures, can even be delayed for one 12 months, the Chinese language authorities stated after the assembly.
Trump stated he shall be going to China in April, adopted by Xi’s journey to the U.S., with out specifying a timeline for his Chinese language counterpart.
Left unclear: Nvidia chips, TikTok, Russian oil, Taiwan
A number of key points went unaddressed within the assembly, Trump stated.
On the sale of Nvidia‘s chips to China, Trump stated the 2 sides had mentioned “plenty of chips,” however not probably the most superior Blackwell chips. “They will be speaking to Nvidia and others about taking chips,” he stated.
Taiwan was not a part of the dialogue, Trump stated.
The 2 leaders additionally averted the topic of Chinese language buying of Russian oil, a monetary lifeline to the Kremlin because it continues to wage conflict in Ukraine.
“Ukraine got here up very strongly,” Trump stated, however “we did not actually focus on the oil.”‘
Trump additionally gave no trace that he and Xi had struck a deal to maintain the favored social media app TikTok from going darkish within the U.S.
China’s authorities stated it might “work with the U.S. to correctly resolve points associated to TikTok.”
Samuel Boivin | Nurphoto | Getty Pictures
World shares have been decrease and gold costs rose 1.2% as buyers assessed the ramifications of the commerce truce, which comes after a number of months of financial confrontation.
Whereas the commerce truce is “welcome information,” any indication of addressing underlying structural issues of concern is lacking — similar to China’s industrial extra capability and nonmarket financial system practices — stated Wendy Cutler, senior vp at Asia Society Coverage Institute.
That implies that the truce is “fragile and tensions are sure to warmth up once more,” Cutler added.
‘Companions and mates’
Earlier than the assembly, the two leaders struck a conciliatory tone, with Trump calling Xi “an outdated buddy” with whom he has a “superb relationship,” and Xi stressing that China’s financial progress ambitions wouldn’t undermine Trump’s imaginative and prescient to “Make America Nice Once more.”
Tensions between the world’s two financial superpowers have been on a boil this 12 months. The newest escalation got here this month, with Beijing export controls and Washington threatening to ban software-powered exports to China.
The U.S. had in latest days shared particulars about offers it hoped to realize with China – from proscribing the stream of fentanyl to the U.S. to TikTok’s divestiture from its Beijing-based father or mother ByteDance. Tariffs, tech curbs and uncommon earths have been additionally on the desk for dialogue.
Heading into the assembly, Xi shook fingers with Trump on the photo-op at Gimhae Air Base in Busan, urging that Washington and Beijing be “mates and companions” in his opening remarks.
U.S. President Donald Trump and Chinese language President Xi Jinping shake fingers as they depart following a bilateral assembly at Gimhae Air Base on October 30, 2025 in Busan, South Korea.
Andrew Harnik | Getty Pictures
Sitting throughout the desk from Trump, the Chinese language chief stated that it was a “nice pleasure” to fulfill the U.S. president for the sixth time, including that it was solely “regular” for the 2 financial superpowers to have “frictions at times.”
“China’s improvement goes hand in hand along with your imaginative and prescient to Make America Nice Once more,” Xi stated, in line with a readout by the Chinese language International Ministry.
That conciliatory tone marked a notable shift from Xi’s assembly with the previous U.S. President Joe Biden late final 12 months, throughout which the speech highlighted extra “inevitable competitors” between the 2 nations, stated Yue Su, principal economist at The Economist Intelligence Unit.
Whereas the settlement nonetheless lacks a “robust structural basis” and will simply be reversed, each side are prone to keep it up within the close to time period to sign goodwill, Su added.
— CNBC’s Sam Meredith contributed to this report.
